Before version 0.1.3 update_by_case gem used custom sql strings, and it was not sanitized, making it vulnerable to sql injection. Upgrade to version >= 0.1.3 that uses Arel instead to construct the resulting sql statement, with sanitized sql.
References
- https://github.com/camilova/activerecord-update-by-case/security/advisories/GHSA-33wh-w4m7-c6r8
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35956
- https://github.com/camilova/activerecord-update-by-case/releases/tag/v0.1.3-stable
- https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/update_by_case/CVE-2022-35956.yml
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-33wh-w4m7-c6r8